A sizeable percentage of the wizarding world are either half-bloods or Muggle-born, which means that much of the wizarding world has at least two Muggle grandparents. It also means that a substantial percentage are married to Muggles. I can't say how many because half-blood seems to mean "half pureblood," not "half-Muggle." I suspect that most half-bloods are the children of Muggle-borns, not Muggles, just because wizards don't mix with Muggles that often. Anyway, this produces a problem - wizards need or feel the need to remain secret from the Muggle world, but and at the same time, they have members of Muggle families right there with them. How does the wizarding world manage this contradiction? This essay will address the problems and the possible solutions.
We know that wizards have laws mandating secrecy, with whole government divisions dedicated to preserving this. We can even figure out why this would be so. The Founders established Hogwarts at a time when it was getting dangerous to be open about magic (so says Flitwick) and we know that there were witch hunts in last few centuries in Europe. While I don't believe in the "Burning Times", there is no doubt that thousands of people, largely old, female and outcast (and probably nonmagical even in Rowlings universe, and also probably the dominant religion, but that's immaterial) were killed as witches.
Were true wizards also killed? Depends if they had their wands on them, and could get away, like the rather fabulous Wenelda the Weird, with casting spells that would not harm them. Because I'd think the probable response to that would be something less than humorous and more deadly, unless Wenelda also had an invisibility cloak. On the other hand, they are more resiliant than Muggles, so we just don't know.
There have also been periods of time when witches were hunted more assudiously than others. In Britain, in recent history, there would be the reign of James I, who was historically paranoid about witches, and the Puritan regime under Cromwell. (I suspect that there were few Roundhead wizards, too.) All of this would only reinforce the need to keep underground even during less oppressive times, such as our own.
And yet, a full quarter of wizards come from Muggle families, and another quarter come from mixed ones. Plus, as we well know, Muggle governments know all about the Wizarding world, and how do you keep that lot totally silent? They have to do something, and Memory Charms have their limits.
And let's not forget the potential problems from the other side. In one of the rpgs I follow, among the other jobs that McGonagall has is fostering Muggle-born students who have been abandoned by their families (often taking the form of not meeting them at King's Cross.) This seems horribly plausible. Yet, none of the Muggle-born students we know in canon seem to have that problem. They keep in contact with their families and go home for Christmas (no one seems to go home for Easter.) And you'd think that Muggle spouses and their families would also be a major problem - even more, Muggle *former* spouses.
But there are solutions. These are dependent on wizards charming Muggles without permission, but that's perfectly canonical, if less than ethical - way less than ethical.
For the Muggle-borns, there are two problems. One is parental acceptance, whether it's because their ambitions for their children (Eton, for example, or whatever brilliant career Hermione would have had)would not happen or because magic is...weird. In other eras/places, "witchcraft" as sin might also be factor, although I doubt it for contemporary Britain. Contemporary US, on the other hand, is something else. There might also be exploitation of the child's abilities, but the laws against Underage Magic would protect against that. (And that might be the real reason behind those laws. Huh.) The other would be secrecy. One gossipy parent could hurt everyone, if that parent were believed - and there were and are times and places where that parent would be believed.
I propose that the families of Muggle-borns are placed under two different spells, both quite against their knowledge. The one would force them to *accept* the children as they are, so they would continue to care for them and not condemn them for their magic. They might even make them think it's wonderful, but that might be too much against true antipathy, and more than is necessary. Those families that *do* think it's wonderful would be charmed to keep that attitude, though. The other would prevent them from speaking about this around Muggles or others so spelled. They might even be charmed to not speak about magic at all - notice how difficult it is for the Dursleys to speak about it. Part is their natural antipathy, I'm sure, but I wonder if there's also a magical component.
They may even be given a believable cover story. "Justin? He's at St. Helga's, a very exclusive school for gifted children in Scotland." "Oh, Hermione is a prefect at St. Godric's. We're so proud of her." "That boy? St. Brutus'. It's just what he needs to straighten him out." Okay, Vernon could come up with that one on his own. An especially recalcitrant parent might even think the cover story is true.
This would also work for the government contacts. It would prevent them talking to their own families or anyone else about the wizarding world while permitting the wizarding world to feel safe about dealing with them.
It would be slightly more complicated for Muggle spouses. I'd think the wizarding partner would be given a choice, or seem to be. Choice one would be for the wizarding partner to not say anything to the spouse or inlaws. The wizarding partner would have to live as a Muggle, of course - they might even be monitored like underage wizards. This has several drawbacks - someone raised as a wizard would have difficulty adjusting to living without magic and may well be unemployable, for example. Another potential problem is children - there seems to be a good chance that at least one child will be magical. At this point, the secret is out - and that will put a major strain on the marriage. Witness the Finnegans.
The other solution is to treat the spouse and inlaws like Muggleborn parents - accepting the wizard's magic (and that of potential children) and not talking about it. Again, this would be up to the wizard, not the Muggles, officially.
I think this would solve a multitude of problems, explain things such as Lily's parents complete acceptance of her (Petunia, who is only a sister, would only get the geas against talking, since she couldn't abandon her sister, and seem sufficient for her to keep Harry.) and the government's compliance with the secrecy act. And the highhandedness is completely within the normal wizarding attitude towards Muggles.
Edited because I can't cite where I saw real numbers.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 08:57 pm (UTC)When/where did she say this?
I think I'll just keep in mind that she's not so hot at maths.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 09:04 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 09:33 pm (UTC)Basically she makes the point that there has been so much intermarrying that no family is truly 'pure', even if they deny their 'tainted' heritage. It's much the same as families in the Muggle world who claim racial 'purity' even though there is actually a mixture of ethnicities in the bloodline as a whole.
I do think the problems Deb raises are very real, though, and I find the notion of charms to stop Muggles 'outing' the magical community very plausible.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 10:45 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 09:41 pm (UTC)Seamus, the child of the one known Muggle/witch marriage, is a wizard, as are all other children of such marriages (if JKR is to be believed, and I see no reason why not). He also appears to have been raised in the Wizarding world, with a love of Quidditch and flying. So the Muggle partner is probably the one called upon to sacrifice. We don't know if the Finnigans are still married.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 10:52 pm (UTC)I do agree with that one, as I said in the essay, if only because it's more likely that they'll meet. There really aren't many opportunities for wizards to meet Muggles socially. Look how fascinated Arthur Weasley is, and his job is about Muggles.
Seamus' father apparently didn't know his wife was a witch for a long time, and we don't know, yes, if their marriage survived that news.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-16 10:58 pm (UTC)I doubt it would be possible for a witch or wizard raised in the WW and a Muggle to have a happy, lasting marriage. The fundamental differences would be too great. Riddle Sr. and Mrs. Riddle probably didn't stand a chance, even if he hadn't abandoned her.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 12:27 am (UTC)Say someone invites his best friend from school to spend part of Christmas holidays with him, and he has a very pretty sister of the right age.
But even that's kinda iffy and I'd think no parent would be thrilled.
A great many men. . . . .
Date: 2006-05-18 05:33 pm (UTC). . . discover that they married witches. Or, if their wives aren't, their mothers-in-law are.
slightly off topic, but related...
Date: 2005-05-16 11:44 pm (UTC)Re: slightly off topic, but related...
Date: 2005-05-16 11:48 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 12:25 am (UTC)Really?
(Yeah. I can see the resemblence.)
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 12:24 am (UTC)I also admit to seeing this with American eyes, such that I have the impression that in Britain, boarding school is seen as a desirable thing if the parents can afford it.
I know it's not strictly true - for example, people have told me that very likely Hermione's parents would be torn among her choices - the local comprehensive for good, liberal reasons, the local grammar school because she's so brilliant or scholarships to the finest girls' boarding schools because, well, she's so brilliant and that would ensure her future. The fact that two non-boarding schools are among her possibilities tells me I'm wrong in my impression, but my impression continues anyway.
Re: slightly off topic, but related...
Date: 2005-05-17 02:33 am (UTC)Re: slightly off topic, but related...
Date: 2005-05-17 03:04 pm (UTC)More likely, it's given to magical parents, who might decide to send a child to a different school (Draco spoke of going to Durmstrang, for example) or to continue educating them at home, possibly with tutors. I also suspect, given the extreme social disadvantage to not going to Hogwarts (a child educated at home or even at a different school would not make the connections that everyone else would have and which probably rule the wizarding world) that it's not a choice made often. I wonder, though, if the parents of marginal kids, like the Shunpikes, might make that choice, or if they decide that five years of Hogwarts is better than none.
I also wonder what happens to marginal Muggle-born kids. Perhaps, if they are very weak, the wizarding world might remove what powers they have (and Memory Charm them and their parents) on the theory they'd be better off as Muggles in the Muggle world than as near-Squibs in the wizarding world. Which, honestly, would probably be right.
Re: slightly off topic, but related...
Date: 2005-05-17 04:01 pm (UTC)Re: slightly off topic, but related...
Date: 2005-05-17 04:14 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 12:33 am (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 03:05 pm (UTC)Thank you, sweetie.
here via d_s
Date: 2005-05-17 03:13 am (UTC)I feel like I keep repeating myself, so I'm going to stop here. I'm sure there's a better way to state it, but... yeah. Ok. I'm going to shut up now. :-p
Re: here via d_s
Date: 2005-05-17 05:24 am (UTC)Re: here via d_s
Date: 2005-05-17 03:10 pm (UTC)I suspect you're right about the *trained* agents and officials. The ones I'd worry about would be the leadership - the president, the cabinet, the Prime Minister, the other ministers. The ones who are elected or appointed, not trained for this. Because they should know and they would need to be safeguarded about talking about this. Granted, if any president or Prime Minister started talking about wizardry these days, we'd all think they were insane, but at different times...
Oh, my goodness. That's what happened. James I was told about wizardry upon his reaching his majority and for whatever reason, the charms didn't work well. Maybe he had a bit of magic in him himself. And thus...paranoia.
Speaking of that, wizards are paranoid about Muggles - extremely paranoid. Charming the government officials would be such a reasonable precaution from that state of mind that it only makes sense that's what they'd do.
Re: here via d_s
Date: 2005-05-18 04:20 am (UTC)This is stuff I've often wondered about myself, and I think you're definitely onto something there. Whenever the topic of muggle government officials knowing about the wizarding world comes up, I always think about X-Men, and how threatened people feel when they find out. I'd think there'd be a very similar reaction to wizards, and because of that, there would have to be something in place to ensure that people keep quiet and cooperate, rather than drawing attention to it and/or attempting to "deal with it", as many would be inclined to do (i.e. public announcement/registration/persecution/etc).
I mean, seriously - there's no way even most world leaders would agree to just not say anything. There are so many reasons for thinking that everyone should know, or for not wanting to help wizards retain their secrecy. They'd have to do something to make sure they didn't talk.
There's also the possibility of an amicable agreement reinforced through magical means (i.e. they agree to be charmed), or just an overhanging threat of retaliation/cover-up if they try to pull anything.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 03:16 am (UTC)I really, really like the thought that the rule against underage use of magic might exist to protect Muggle-born students from either being exploited for their powers or, in certain settings, being lynched for them.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 03:11 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 04:07 am (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 04:28 am (UTC)And if there were some sort of charm to make the guardians of young wizards accepting of them, why on earth wasn't it used on the Dursleys? Is the wizarding world going out of its way to make Harry miserable?
(Actually, I can answer that one: If the protection that is granted to Harry by living under Petunia's roof is dependent on her willing acceptance of him, it might be comprimised if she were under the influence of mind-altering spells.)
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 03:15 pm (UTC)And, yeah. Although Petunia isn't *willing*, is she?
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-18 06:41 pm (UTC)Although Petunia isn't *willing*, is she?
No, she's willing. She just isn't happy. Or nice.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-18 07:43 pm (UTC)(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 06:53 am (UTC)Here are a couple of ideas I've had for a while on this. One is that the wizarding world needs quite a lot in terms of goods-- fabric for robes, metal for cauldrons, food to be farmed, etc. Muggle family members or spouses of wizards could do these tasks, or act as go-betweens bridging the gap between the wizarding business world and the Muggle business world.
My other thought is that Muggles with a wizarding child or Muggles with wizarding family members probably spend a lot of time with each other, a loose networking federation, if you will. It's quite possible, although we don't see it in the unusual case of Harry, that the parents of Muggleborn wizards are given another set of Muggle parents as a contact, people who can come over and have brunch and explain how it all works, take some of the mystery and fear out of it. OTOH, I think that if the Muggle parents don't want the child trained, that really is the end of it. I don't think they can take the child or force the issue.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 10:40 am (UTC)Yhat sounds quite plausible. If there was some sort of Old Boy Network or the like, the parents could get involoved with that. And when ackward questions get asked, they could point to the Old Boys and say eah, iy is a proper school.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 03:21 pm (UTC)I don't know about the network of Muggle-born's parents. I mean, that seems like such an American thing (I do believe that American parents get a whole packet of materials, including phone numbers for the local support group, but that doesn't strike me as British.)
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-18 04:34 am (UTC)Or they just have suppliers and whatnot in the same way that the muggle world does. The methods of making/refining things would just be different. But there could easily be wizarding mines, farms, "factories", etc...
OR, they just have muggle front organizations that order supplies.
And I'm sure muggle relatives/contacts help out too! There's lots of ways. :)
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 07:58 am (UTC)I could easily see this: "Mr. and Mrs. Granger - as per our discussion for the need of absolute secrecy, we do require you to sign this privacy agreement in order for Hermione to attend Hogwarts..."
Of course, it's a magical conrtact, with various magical means (such as the geis you mentioned) to ensure it is kept. The Granger's seem delighted at the bookstore. No such thing needed for the Dursley's - Petunia is still under her family's original geis.
What I wonder is what about Squibs? Per book 5, the Ministry doesn't even keep a record of their existence.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 03:23 pm (UTC)Maybe they get the same geas if they choose to join the Muggle world.
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 07:02 pm (UTC)Quite a well thought-out theory :)
(no subject)
Date: 2005-05-17 07:19 pm (UTC)Yeah, it does explain a lot. And all you need is to be relentlessly unethical.
Nearly every fantasy world I have read which has working magic. . .
Date: 2006-05-18 05:44 pm (UTC)What about parents who are against the idea of boarding school on principle? Good question. JKR hasn't said, but as it isn't really relevant to the story, it hasn't come up.
Here I'm guessing, but I think that the Office of Magical Education may have a scheme of itenerant teachers who give private lessons to underage witches or wizards whose parents prefer that they not go to Hogwarts; thus, muggleborns who don't go to Hogwarts can take magic the way their nonmagical peers may take piano or karate or whatever.
Re: Nearly every fantasy world I have read which has working magic. . .
Date: 2006-05-18 07:43 pm (UTC)Why? Because the Wizarding world wants Muggleborns to be so fully immersed that they think of Muggles as "Other". This doesn't work if it's at home.
Also, you can't cover after school what you can in a full day of teaching, over and above the socialization aspect. And don't think that socialization won't play a big role.
Also - can you imagine being able to do magic *only* for a couple of hours a day? Kids at Hogwarts do magic all day long, even though it's forbidden in the corridors. I'm pretty sure kids in many all-Wizarding households do magic in the summer, too.